{"id":8438,"date":"2023-06-10T19:45:18","date_gmt":"2023-06-10T10:45:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agirobots.com\/?p=8438"},"modified":"2023-10-24T10:25:43","modified_gmt":"2023-10-24T01:25:43","slug":"essence-of-scaled-dot-product-attention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/developers.agirobots.com\/jp\/essence-of-scaled-dot-product-attention\/","title":{"rendered":"Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306e\u672c\u5f53\u306e\u51c4\u3055\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u3001\u6a5f\u68b0\u5b66\u7fd2\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6210\u679c\u3092\u3042\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308bTransformer[1]\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u3092\u306a\u3059Scaled Dot-Product Attention[1]\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u306a\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u5099\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u3067\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u9a5a\u304f\u307b\u3069\u5e83\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u9069\u5fdc\u6027\u3068\u8868\u73fe\u529b\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306e\u3053\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5229\u70b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3001\u79c1\u306a\u308a\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3067\u304d\u308c\u3070\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5148\u306b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u7c21\u5358\u306b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u307e\u305a\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u304b\u3089\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001Key\u3001Query\u3001Value\u306e\u5404\u5165\u529b\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7dda\u5f62\u5c64\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u91cd\u307f\u306e\u5909\u63db\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3067\u304d\u308bAttention\u3092\u7528\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3048\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u5f8c\u306f\u91cd\u307f\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9759\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u529b\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u3092\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT\u306a\u3069\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308bGPT\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3001Transformer\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306eScaled Dot-Product Attention\u306e\u512a\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u3061\u3089\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/dt>

Sparse Attention\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\uff01<\/p>

Transformer[1]\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308bAttention\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u5185\u306e\u5404\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u9593\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6ce8\u610f\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001Transformer\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u7cfb\u5217\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u304a\u3044 ... <\/p><\/div><\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u6982\u8981\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001Query\u3068Key\u304b\u3089Attention Matrix\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u884c\u5217\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068Value\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304cScaled Dot-Product Attention\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Attention Matrix\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\uff08=Attention\uff09\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002Attention Matrix\u3068Value\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u6f14\u7b97\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u3079\u304d\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3092\u5f37\u3081\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3067\u306a\u3044\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3092\u5f31\u3081\u3066\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306f\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306eAttention Matrix\u3068Value\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u51e6\u7406<\/strong>\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u56f3\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Query\u3068Key\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u3051\u3066softmax\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u30d1\u30b9\u3067Attention Matrix\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001Attention Matrix\u3068Value\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3046MutMul\u306f\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5c64\uff08=\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u6052\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\uff09\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001Value\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3068\u3057\u3001Attention Matrix\u3092\u91cd\u307f\u884c\u5217\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002Attention Matrix\u306f\u5165\u529b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u91cd\u307f\u884c\u5217\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059[2,3]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u3088\u308a\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e0b\u306e\u56f3\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u56f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\uff08\"I am a student.\"\uff09\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3001\u5404\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u304c1\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u306f\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3002\u91cd\u307f\u304c\u9759\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u307f\u884c\u5217\\(\\boldsymbol{W}\\)\u306f\u5165\u529b\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u305b\u305a\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5165\u529b\u6587\u7ae0\u304c\u7570\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u540c\u3058\u91cd\u307f\u884c\u5217\\(\\boldsymbol{W}\\)\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\uff08\u56f3\u3067\u306fSelf-Attention\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u884c\u5217\\(\\boldsymbol{W}\\)\u304c\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u7279\u6027\u306f\u5165\u529b\u6587\u7ae0\u304c\u6c7a\u307e\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u5165\u529b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u306e\u5229\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5909\u66f4\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5229\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u964d\u306f\u79c1\u306e\u6301\u8ad6\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8003\u3048\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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ChatGPT-3.5\u3067\u306f\u300196\u5c64\u306eTransformer Block\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u3042\u308bGPT-3.5\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5404Transformer Block\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u5c64\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u5c64\u6570\u306f\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u898f\u6a21\u611f\u3067\u3082\u3001\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u3054\u5b58\u3058\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u591a\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u591a\u7a2e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u5206\u91ce\u3092\u6271\u3048\u308b\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u306a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3055\u3044\u3054\u306b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306f\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001Scaled Dot-Product Attention\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001Key\u3001Query\u3001Value\u306e\u5404\u5165\u529b\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7dda\u5f62\u5c64\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u5165\u529b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u91cd\u307f\u306e\u5909\u63db\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3067\u304d\u308bAttention\u3092\u7528\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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ChatGPT\u306a\u3069\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308bGPT\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3001Transformer\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306eScaled Dot-Product Attention\u306e\u512a\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u3067\u3082Transformer\u306e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3055\u306e\u6240\u4ee5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3089\u5e78\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

[1] Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin, \"Attention Is All You Need,\" in Proc. NeurIPS, 2017.<\/a>
[2] Nikolas Adaloglou, and Sergios Karagiannakos, \"How attention works in deep learning: understanding the attention mechanism in sequence models,\" https:\/\/theaisummer.com\/attention\/, 2020.<\/a>
[3] Yizeng Han, Gao Huang, Shiji Song, Le Yang, Honghui Wang, and Yulin Wang, \"Dynamic Neural Networks: A Survey,\" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2021.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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